This paper considers three types of human modification as performance enhancements for sport: designer steroids, cosmetic surgery and wings. It explores the ways that these different body-technologies present similar conceptual challenges for the ethics of sports medicine and attempts to further the ethical debate surrounding the legitimacy of enhancement in sport. It argues that current policy on performance in sport relies on an assumed connection between different categories of modification (therapy, non-therapy and enhancement) based on an incoherent and inconsistent notion of the natural. The paper argues that there is an important cultural political dimension to the ethical debate, which is evident from the manner in which these three categories are inextricable from anti-doping rhetoric. Consideration of this context provides some assistance for unravelling the lack of shift between prohibitive and liberal responses to the doping debate. To conclude, it is suggested that ethical distinctions can clearly be made between steroids/cosmetic surgery and wings, insofar as the latter constitutes a modification that negates (not just weakens, simplifies, or alters) the challenge of the sporting contest, the former of which are entirely permissible – and often desirable – in sport.